March 6, 2026

This Pew Research Center analysis explores how adults in 25 countries rate the morality of other people in their country. It also describes how many people around the world consider different behaviors (such as drinking alcohol, gambling and having affairs) to be morally wrong.

Pew Research Center conducts high-quality research to inform the public, journalists and leaders. Studying religion and related topics, such as morality, has long been part of the Center’s research around the world. Learn more about Pew Research Center and our other research on religion.

 

A Pew Research Center analysis based on surveys of over 28,000 adults across 25 countries in early 2025 reveals varying perceptions of morality worldwide, highlighting that Americans are notably more critical of their fellow citizens' morality than people elsewhere. The study examines attitudes toward behaviors such as drinking, gambling, and affairs, drawing on diverse data collection methods including phone, face-to-face, and online surveys. Separately, a 2013 email from Bill Gates to Jeffrey Epstein confirming a multimillion-dollar financial agreement has surfaced in federal court records, prompting House Oversight Chair James Comer to summon Gates for testimony in May 2026 regarding the matter.

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